Latest Research – LetsRinse

PLOS Water4 Aug 2026

Beyond infrastructure: Linking multiple-use water services and experiences with household water insecurity in rural Mali

Matt Stellbauer, Wendy Jepson, Jeremiah Osborne-Gowey, Nicole Lefore, John Casellas Connors, Edward Kato

Publisher abstract excerptOver the last decade, the international development community has recognized that rural and peri-urban households in lower- and middle-income countries use the same sources of water for both domestic and productive uses. To increase access to these water resources, governments and NGOs introduced th…

Abstract & author credits

Authors: Matt Stellbauer, Wendy Jepson, Jeremiah Osborne-Gowey, Nicole Lefore, John Casellas Connors, Edward Kato

Over the last decade, the international development community has recognized that rural and peri-urban households in lower- and middle-income countries use the same sources of water for both domestic and productive uses. To increase access to these water resources, governments and NGOs introduced the concept of multiple-use water services (MUS). As a proposed development strategy, MUS takes people’s multiple water needs as the starting point for planning and investing in new water services or upgrading existing domestic or productive systems traditionally designed for single uses. While studies have suggested benefits of MUS, such as improved water productivity and economic gains for subsistence farming communities, evidence remains context dependent. The research community has yet to examine the specific influence of MUS on household water insecurity, defined as the inadequate, unreliable, or unaffordable access to water necessary for a healthy life. That is, does MUS reduce experiences with water insecurity at the household scale? To address this critical question, the study examined the correlation between household water insecurity, measured by the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale, and household use of single water sources for both domestic and productive purposes using data from a survey of 1,082 households in Mali, West Africa. The study finds that households practicing year-round MUS report significantly lower water insecurity than seasonal MUS households. These findings indicate an association, rather than a causal relationship, between sustained MUS practice and lower household water insecurity and suggest that reliable, year-round water availability may underpin both. However, MUS is not a panacea for household water insecurity, and improving household water security will require attention to the reliability, availability, and seasonal stability of water services in addition to support for multiple water uses.

Source: PLOS Water. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pwat.0000600. Abstract from the publisher’s feed; HTML formatting and repeated author line removed.

Read on LetsRinse →CC BY 4.0

Open to read. Clear about reuse.

These journals publish under PLOS’s open licence policy, which permits commercial reuse with author and source attribution. Each update links directly to the publication and its licence.

We match publication titles to the journal’s four topics, remove duplicates and keep a rolling 120-day selection. This is a selection of recent work from these feeds, rather than a complete review of research. Topic labels and abstract excerpts are added by LetsRinse; titles and abstracts retain the publisher’s wording with HTML formatting removed.

Research findings depend on the study’s methods, setting and limitations. Read the original publication for context. Corrections and retraction notices are labelled when they appear in the feeds.